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Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics: A 25 Year Retrospective.
Hench LL, Wilson J
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of
Florida, PO Box 116400, Gainesville, FL 32611, Bioglass Research
Center, University of Florida PO Box 100413, Gainesville, FL
32610
This year is the 25th anniversary of the discovery of a special
composition range of glasses that bond to living tissues. This
discovery launched the field of what has come to be called
"bioactive materials". This paper reviews ten important
questions answered during the development of bioactive materials
from the discovery to their present clinical use in repair of
the human skeletal system.
Combining results of areas of study should lead to new bioactive
materials that have optimal biomechanical behavior and also
assist in the regeneration of tissues at the implant interface.
Achieving this goal will make it possible to design devices for
patients with severe bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
Bioceramics: Materials and Applications, Ceramic Transactions,
Vol 48 pg 11-22
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Bioactive Glasses: Present and Future.
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- Hench LL, Wilson J
Department of Materials, Imperial College of Science.
Technology and Medicine Prince Consort Rd, London SW 7 2 BP
United Kingdom
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Bioactive implants currently in clinical use as bulk devices or
coatings, include dental, orthopedic, maxillo-facial-cranial,
and ENT applications. Bioactive glasses, as particulates, are
now widely used in repair of bone defects resulting form
periodontal disease. The bioactive glass particles lead to
rapid proliferation of new bone through a process termed
osteoproduction. Use of this osteogenic behavior of bioactive
glasses is the basis of a new direction in biomaterials
research: the regeneration of tissues. Addition of a rapidly
resorbable saccharide-based polymer (dextran) to the bioactive
particles makes it possible to control rheology for use in
injectable systems for minimally invasive surgery or as a
moldable material for filling large defects in bone. Evidence
that the bioactive glass particles do not migrate either locally
or distantly from defect sites is reviewed. Use of sol-gel
processing of bioactive gel-glasses makes it possible to control
texture and surface chemistry for use as a resorbable material
in tissue regeneration.
Bioceramics Vol 11, Nov 1998 pg 31-36
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Third-generation biomedical materials.
Hench LL, Polak JM
Department of Materials and the Tissue Engineering Centre,
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University
of London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK. l.hench@ic.ac.uk
Whereas second-generation biomaterials were designed to be
either resorbable or bioactive, the next generation of
biomaterials is combining these two properties, with the aim of
developing materials that, once implanted, will help the body
heal itself.
Science
2002 Feb 8;295(5557):1014-7
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